Oil-fuel-combustion process.



G. L. BOURNE.

OIL FUEL COMBUSTION PROCESS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26,1905. 933,953.- Patented sept. 1,4, 1909.

' [nnen fr: fwn/d nuire? encuen L, BoUnuE, or NEW Yoan, N. Y., AssIGNoR'ro THE E Arriwnjr MATERIALS cola- PANY, oF cHIoAGo, ILLINoIs,.acoaronnrroir or ILLINOIS.

OIL-FUEL-COMBUSTION FROCESS. A

ceases.

v Speccation of Letters `1late11t.` Appliatcu filed June 26,190.5,-Seral No. 266.27%

Patented Sept. 1e, 1,

5 State of New York-, have invented a new andv novel Oil1`uelCombustionProcess, of which the following is 'a specification.

The object of thls invention is to provide 'a process for burning oilfuel whereby erfeet combustion will bev obtained and al of the heatunits in the fuel made available for the work.

In the accompanyingl drawings l.; have shown a flue welding furnace inwhich the.

process can bepracticed and referring there Figure l is a sectionalelevation, Fig. 2

is a top plan view. Fig. 3 is adetaili'sec tional view of the air valveand burner connections.

In the furnace disclosed` 1n the drawings 5 1s the primary combustionchamber, 6 the secondary combustion chamber and 7 the heatingchamber,.the latter being preferably closed at the top and provided witha slag opening 8. At one side of the primary combustion chamber is anair flue 9 which turns inward at the top, at 9', and discharges into thesecondary combustion chamber. The burner comprises a 'tube 10 connectedwithV anl oii supply pipe 1l and provided at its top with a valve l0 ofany suitable character. have shown a gravity valve in the drawings whichis adapted to be raised by the pressure of the oil. Air is supplied froma pipe l2 which communicates with the iiue 9 and also with the extension13 to discharge air around the upper end of the oil tube 10. The supplyof air is regulatedby a valve 14 of suitable construction.

The oil is fed by gravity or under pressure and the air is supplied by afan or other suitable means. The various steps of the process ofconsuming the oil have in View,

irst,-the vaporization of the oil, and secondly, the complete combustionof the hydro- 'carbons thus formed' from their vaporized conditions. TheOrdinary processes of burning cil are wasteful in that vtoo directconversion o oil to burning gases is attempted with resultant loss infuel and oxidizing flame. This is due to the fact that a perfectmechanical mixture of oil and airis not possible in practice. p t5 Inthis process combustion takes place at jectingsurface.

the burner the lower part of the primary combustion chamber whichislined from bottom to top with-- fire brick. The only air ad-mitteiltethe' primary combustion chamber enters through extension 13 around the6o upper end of the oil tube and supplies the oxygen necessary supportthe primary comI ustion, the object being to so regulate this-supplythat oxygen is not present in sufcient quantity to completely consumethe ,65. hyd-rocarbonvapors which result from. this V first step. Y.

The air issuing from the extension 13. areund the upper-end of the oiltube Agreatly aids 1n an early vaporization of the oil, on account ofthe restricted orifice shown in Fig. 3, and through which 4saidVairpasses; andfalso' on account of the-edgeA of the valve .16 projectingslightly over said orifice, as.

illustrated. That ijs, to say, the construction is SllGh that4 the oilis delivered in anthin film on the under surface of the projecting edgeof the valve 10.', and the air at` a high, velocity impinges againstsaid film and pre- This action not only causes the oil to be more finelydivided or atomized v than would-be't-he case were no obstructingsurface present; but owing to the fact that the edge projects as shown,the airl and atomized oil is immediately deflected',y and S5 Ytherefo1'escattered, or expanded, lat the very ba-se of the flame. to a higherdegree than would be the case were no obstructing surface present; andthis'increased expansion of oil and -airatthe base of the Hame, ofnecessity, promotes the formation of carbon monoxid or CO gas in theearly stages of e combustion. In addition tol this, after the burner isin operation the valve 10 and its edge become highlyl heated, so vthatthis a-tomization or extreme sub-division of the i oil takesplace`aft7erthe voil in a thin film has traversed a surface ata hightemperature; and therefore an additionalidegree of sub-division, closelyapproaching, 1fA notV 10Q `reaching the state of vaporization, isimarted to the oil just be ore it is ignited. his'stat-e of extremesub-division. 1s also very important in producin oil vapors at the verybeginning of the ame; for such vapors more readilyiform relatively largequantities of carbon monoxid CO, which is afterward blown through. thechambers 6 and 7 on to the object being heated, and there furtheroxidized to carbon dioxid CO2.

This COL, gas is therefore formed in greater quantities and caused todeliver up relatively greater quantities of heat at the exact point gasand traces of other hydrocarbon gases.

These gases having attained a high temperature and, not as yet havingbeenysupplied with the oxygen necessary for a complete combustion, nowpass into the secondary lcombustion chamber where thel additional oxygento complete combustion is supplied by the air issuing from the flue, andthe gases are burned to C()2 and H2O at the very point Where the heatliberated is needed, thereby preventing losses of heat from radiationand other causes, which would result if this combustion tookplace at anearlier stage. -A certain amount lof free carbon is disengaged as thegases are admitted into this highly heated area, rand this burns Whilefloating in the inflammable gases.

The-chemical action taking place through-' out the process is asfollows: The oil after ignition isvaporized and Ipassing upward breaksup into free hydrogen', carbon moncarbon gases.

oxid, marsh gas and traces of other hydrolassing on now to the secondarycombustion chamber the hydrogen is burned to Water, the carbon monoxidto carbon dioxid and the marsh gas to carbon dioxid and Water.

be disengaged in the process burns to carbon dioxld.

What I claim and desire to secure by Lets.

ters Patent is:

The process of burning oil fuel which consists in su plying the oil to aburnerat the bottom ofP a primary combustion chamber under pressure in athin film in Contact with a highly heated surface; supplying air underpressure and causing the same to impinge against said surface and filmto highly subdivide the oil, said air and oil after leaving said heatedsurface being deflected to further aid in subdividing the heated oil atthe base of the flame-and thereby promoting the formation of inflammablegases in said chamber; and finally admitting a fresh supply of air tosaid gases at the .top of said chamber andncausing said gases to furtheroxidize and to deliver up their heat of combination at the point of use,substantially as described.

GEORGE L. BOURNE. VVitnes'ses:

CHARLES H. TRUE, DAVID GRANT.

The carbon which may

